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IMAGO International History, Thirty Years War, Peace of Westphalia in Münster and Osnabrück 1648

Jul 3, 2025

The following photos have been selected for you by the IMAGO picture desk on this topic. For more pictures please use the search function.

  • RECORD DATE NOT STATED Portrait of Georg Christoph, Pieter de Jews (II), After Anselm of them, 1648 print BostePortret of Georg Christoph, Baron van Haslang. The portrait is caught in an oval frame with the coat of arms of the portrayed person, a chain with the order of the Golden Fleece and an edge in Latin. In the cartouche a six -line caption in Latin. Print from a series of portraits to paintings by Anselmus van Hulle of all delegates at the peace negotiations in Münster and Osnabrück. Antwerp paper etching engraving knighthood order of the Golden Fleece Copyright: xpiemagsx rknbpie21012024-35678 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • RECORD DATE NOT STATED Portrait of Frans of Donia, Pieter de Jews (II), After Anselm of them, 1648 print BostePortret of Frans van Donia. The portrait is caught in an oval frame with the coat of arms of the portrayed person and an edge in Latin. In the cartouche a five -line caption in Latin. Print from a series of portraits to paintings by Anselmus van Hulle of all delegates at the peace negotiations in Münster and Osnabrück. Antwerp paper etching engraving Copyright: xpiemagsx rknbpie21012024-35674 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • RECORD DATE NOT STATED Portrait of Maximilian, count of Trautmanstorff, Pieter de Jode (II), After Anselm van Hulle, 1648 print BostePortret of Maximilian, count of TrautmanStorff. He is wearing a chain with the order of the Golden Fleece. Bottom right: 39. The portrait is caught in an oval frame with square peripheral and an edge in Latin. In the cartouche a seven -line caption in Latin. Print from a series of portraits to paintings by Anselmus van Hulle of all delegates at the peace negotiations in Münster and Osnabrück. Antwerp paper etching engraving knighthood order of the Golden Fleece Copyright: xpiemagsx rknbpie14012024-51235 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • RECORD DATE NOT STATED Portrait of Johan Oxensterna, Pieter de Jews (ii), After Anselm of them, 1648 print Boste portrait of Johan Oxenstierna. Bottom right: 50. The portrait is caught in an oval frame with the coat of arms of the portrayed person and an edge in Latin. In the cartouche a six -line caption in Latin. Print from a series of portraits to paintings by Anselmus van Hulle of all delegates at the peace negotiations in Münster and Osnabrück. Antwerp paper etching engraving Copyright: xpiemagsx rknbpie14012024-51230 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • RECORD DATE NOT STATED Portrait of Johann Maximilian, Pieter de Jews (II), After Anselm of them, 1648 print BostePortret of Johann Maximilian, count of Lamberg. Bottom right: 41. The portrait is caught in an oval frame with the coat of arms of the portrayed person, a chain with the order of the golden fleece and an edge in Latin. In the cartouche a six -line caption in Latin. Print from a series of portraits to paintings by Anselmus van Hulle of all delegates at the peace negotiations in Münster and Osnabrück. Antwerp paper etching engraving knighthood order of the Golden Fleece Copyright: xpiemagsx rknbpie14012024-51227 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • RECORD DATE NOT STATED Portrait of Barthold van Gent, Count van Loenen and Meynerswijck, Pieter de Jode (II), After Anselm van Hulle, 1648 print BostePortret of Barthold van Gent, Count van Loenen and Meynerswijck. The portrait is caught in an oval frame with the coat of arms of the portrayed person. In the cartouche a six -line caption in Latin. Print from a series of portraits to paintings by Anselmus van Hulle of all delegates at the peace negotiations in Münster and Osnabrück. Antwerp paper etching engraving Copyright: xpiemagsx rknbpie14012024-51225 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • RECORD DATE NOT STATED Portrait of Frans of Donia, Pieter de Jews (II), After Anselm of them, 1648 print BostePortret of Frans van Donia. At the bottom right: 33. The portrait is caught in an oval frame with the coat of arms of the portrayed person and an edge in Latin. In the cartouche a five -line caption in Latin. Print from a series of portraits to paintings by Anselmus van Hulle of all delegates at the peace negotiations in Münster and Osnabrück. Antwerp paper etching engraving Copyright: xpiemagsx rknbpie14012024-51224 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • RECORD DATE NOT STATED Portrait of Ferdinand Ernst, Count van Wallenstein, Pieter de Jews (ii), After Anselm of them, 1648 print BostePortret of Ferdinand Ernst, Count van Wallenstein. Bottom right: 108. The portrait is caught in an oval frame with the coat of arms of the portrayed person and an edge in Latin. In the cartouche a six -line caption in Latin. Print from a series of portraits to paintings by Anselmus van Hulle of all delegates at the peace negotiations in Münster and Osnabrück. Antwerp paper etching engraving Copyright: xpiemagsx rknbpie14012024-51223 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • TREATY OF MUNSTER, 1648. A joyous postillion announcing the peace of Munster and the end of the Thirty Years War, 1648. Contemporary German broadsheet. Copyright: xSarinxImagesx xGRANGERx 0011354
  • RECORD DATE NOT STATED Proclamation of the peace of Osnabrück in a city, 1648, Caspar Luyken (attributed to), 1701 print Frankfurt am Main paper etching proclamation of peace. city-view in general; veduta Copyright: xpiemagsx rknbpie14012024-30465 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • RECORD DATE NOT STATED Portret van Antoine Brun, Pieter Holsteyn (II), in or after 1648 - 1670 print Bust to the right of Antoine Brun in an oval. Under the portrait five lines in Latin. Print from a series of portraits of ambassadors involved in the peace treaty of Munster. Northern Netherlands paper engraving etching Copyright: xpiemagsx rknbpie14012024-22352 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • RECORD DATE NOT STATED Portrait of Maximilian, count of Trauttmansdorff, Pieter Holsteyn (II), in or after 1648 - 1670 print Bust to the left of Maximilian, count of Trauttmansdorff. Under the portrait ten lines in Latin. Print from a series of portraits of ambassadors involved in the peace treaty of Munster. Amsterdam paper engraving etching Copyright: xpiemagsx rknbpie14012024-22350 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • RECORD DATE NOT STATED Portret van Fabius Chisius, Pieter Holsteyn (II), in or after 1648 - 1673 print Bust to the left of Fabius Chisius in an oval. Seven lines in Latin under the portrait. Print from a series of portraits of ambassadors involved in the peace treaty of Munster. Northern Netherlands paper engraving Copyright: xpiemagsx rknbpie14012024-22346 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • RECORD DATE NOT STATED Portrait of Godard van Reede van Nederhorst, Pieter Holsteyn (II), in or after 1648 - 1673 print Portrait to the left of Godard van Reede van Nederhorst in an oval with edge in Latin. Left are weapon. Under the portrait are name and seven rules in Latin on a piercing stable. Print from a series of portraits of ambassadors involved in the peace treaty of Munster. Northern Netherlands paper engraving Copyright: xpiemagsx rknbpie14012024-22340 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • RECORD DATE NOT STATED Portrait of Abel de Serbien, Graaf de la Roche, Pieter Holsteyn (II), in or after 1648 - 1664 print Bust to the right of Abel de Serbien, Graaf de la Roche. Six lines in Latin under the portrait. Print from a series of portraits of ambassadors involved in the peace treaty of Munster. Northern Netherlands paper engraving Copyright: xpiemagsx rknbpie14012024-22339 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • RECORD DATE NOT STATED Tract of the Peace of Munster (second leaf), 1648, Rombout van den Hoeye, 1648 text sheet The Tract of the Peace of Munster in 1648; The sixth and last magazine with the ratifications of the King of Spain and the States General. Amsterdam paper letterpress printing Copyright: xpiemagsx rknbpie02022024-27376 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • RECORD DATE NOT STATED Tract of the Peace of Munster (third and fourth magazine), 1648, Rombout van den Hoeye, 1648 text sheet The Tract of the Peace of Munster in 1648; The third and fourth magazine with Articles 25-69. Text in two columns in Dutch. Amsterdam paper letterpress printing Copyright: xpiemagsx rknbpie02022024-27374 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • RECORD DATE NOT STATED Festive parade in Wormer, in honor of the Peace of Munster, 1648, Anonymous, 1649 print Leaf with a representation of the parade held in the village of Wormer on July 5, 1648 on the occasion of the conclusion of the peace of Munster. The parade is presented in three rows. Hereby also some other records of scenes from the history of Wormer and a face on the village. Blades are stuck on either side and at the bottom with the description of the events, an overview of the history of Wormer and various verses in honor of the village and its inhabitants. print maker: Northern Netherlandspublisher: Zaandam paper etching engraving letterpress printing festivities on events of national importance Warmer Copyright: xpiemagsx rknbpie02022024-27187 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • RECORD DATE NOT STATED The presentation of the ratification of the Peace of Munster, 1648, Anonymous, 1648 print Leaf with different performances of the events around the closing of the peace of Munster. Central the exchange of the ratification in the Friedensal of the town hall of Munster between the Staatse and Spanish delegates Antoine Brun and the count of Penaranda. On the left the State delegates sitting around a table. At the bottom right of the names of the negotiators. For the central performance there are six smaller scenes of earlier and later moments: the arrival of the delegates, the peace negotiations, the announcement of peace and the Salvo shooting in Munster. Each performance is accompanied by a verse of 4 lines. At the bottom 4 verses of 8 line Copyright: xpiemagsx rknbpie02022024-27172 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • RECORD DATE NOT STATED Portrait of Barthold van Gent, Count van Loenen and Meynerswijck, Pieter de Jode (II), After Anselm van Hulle, 1648 print BostePortret of Barthold van Gent, Count van Loenen and Meynerswijck. Bottom right: 35. The portrait is caught in an oval frame with the coat of arms of the portrayed person. In the cartouche a six -line caption in Latin. Print from a series of portraits to paintings by Anselmus van Hulle of all delegates at the peace negotiations in Münster and Osnabrück. Antwerp paper etching engraving Copyright: xpiemagsx rknbpie02022024-20379 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • RECORD DATE NOT STATED Portrait of Aloysius Contareno, Pieter de Jews (II), After Anselm of them, 1648 print BostePortret of Aloysius Contareno, Venetian diplomat. Bottom right: 78. The portrait is caught in an oval frame with the coat of arms of the portrayed person and an edge in Latin. In the context of a three -faced caption in Latin. Print from a series of portraits to paintings by Anselmus van Hulle of all delegates at the peace negotiations in Münster and Osnabrück. Antwerp paper etching engraving Copyright: xpiemagsx rknbpie14012024-24501 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • RECORD DATE NOT STATED Allegory on the Peace of Osnabrück, 1648, Crispijn van de Passe (II) (Attributed to), 1648 print Allegory on the Peace of Osnabrück, 1648. Leaf with a print and a poem in Dutch and in German. The performance shows how the peace, who was descended from heaven, wipes the tears of the face of the kneeling personification of Germany. On the broken symbols of the war. In the background the signing and the announcement of the peace treaty. Northern Netherlands paper engraving letterpress printing peace and prosperity, Pax et Abundantia . signing of peace treaty, concluding the peace Copyright: xpiemagsx rknbpie02022024-27188 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • . The militia meal in the foot jackoo or St. Joris derels in Amsterdam for celebration of closing the peace of Munster, 18 June 1648. On the right, a woman brings a turkey pie. There are tin plates, growers and other glasses on the table. On the left is a large metal cooler with a wine barrel on the floor. Copyright: xpiemagsx rmxl19062021part6-31557 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • Display of Crushing the War, 1648; The limited war; Allegories on the Peace of Munster; The six shows that exhibits on the Schouburg (...) are the 1648 Iunij. Display of crushing the war. Part of the impressions raised on June 23, 1648 at the Schouwburg in Amsterdam following the conclusion of the Munster peace. The fifth show shows how the war is crushed under a stack of boulders. DEUCALION AND PEACE. In the caption a verse of 4 lines in Dutch. Copyright: xpiemagsx rykslarge07062021part3-29751 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • Symbols staged on the dam in honor of the Munster peace in 1648; The impressions, did within Amsterdam, on eternal peace. Den 5. Iunii, 1648. Sheet with three of the six symbols staged on Dam Square in honor of the Peace of Munster on June 5, 1648. All six tableaux can be seen on this one, with the flaps including the other three scenes. Figure 1 shows the personifications of justice, religion, clutchness, advice, deed, and oblivion. Steadfastness lies in a tomb. Figure 2 shows Mercury, Argus and IO. Figure 3 shows the Government of the Amphion of Thebes in the company of justice, wisdom, strength, impartiality and others. Figure 4 shows Prince Willem II as emperor Augustus. Figure 5 shows Frederik Hendrik as Fabius Maximus. Figure 6 shows Copyright: xpiemagsx rykslarge07062021part3-13097 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • Sworn of the Munster peace, 1648; De Munstersche Vrede destroyed by the Spanish and State-Civilians, in the year 1648. Estimate the peace of Munster on May 15, 1648, in the large room or fersesal of the town hall in Munster. The delegates are around a table and lay the oath with raised hand. Copyright: xpiemagsx rykslarge07062021part3-2772 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • Proclamation of the Peace of Munster in Antwerp, 1648; Eygenentlycke ichse ingende of the publication of Den Peys between Syne Mayesteyt den Coninck van Spagnien, and the Heeren stacked Generael from the legally located Nederlanden on a Heerlycke Stellagie for the Stadthuys of Antwerp, in the presence of the Heeren Schouteth Amptman, Borghe Masters, Shepenen, etc. Ende a great menich of Termorders, den 5 June 1648. Allocation of the Peace of Munster in Antwerp on June 5, 1648. View of the human mass for the town hall in Antwerp. In the middle of a cartouche with the text flanked by two horns of abundance. Copyright: xpiemagsx rykslarge203062021-9828 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • Attracting Munster Peace, 1648. Attending Munster Peace on May 15, 1648, in the Great Hall or Friedsensal of the City Hall in Munster. The delegates are around a table and lay the oath with raised hand. With caption of 2 verses of 4 lines in Dutch. Copyright: xpiemagsx rykslarge203062021-4398 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • Zinnebeeld on the Peace of Munster, 1648. Sentame image on the Peace of Munster, 1648. Triumphop procession of peace with a horn of the plenty in the arms, surrounded by different allegorical characters. Above the procession, the fame proclaims the news of peace. Copyright: xpiemagsx rykslarge203062021-4340 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • The shooters meal in the foot mogelroom or St. Joris derels in Amsterdam to celebrate the Peace of Munster, 18 June 1648; The shooters meal. The shooters meal in the foot jackoo or St. Joris derels in Amsterdam for celebration of the Peace of Munster, 18 June 1648. It is proposed: Captain Cornelis Jansz Witsen (with the silver drinking horn), lieutenant Johan Oetgens van Waveren (who shakes his hand ), the Vaandrig Jacob Banningh (sitting next to the big drum), Dirck Claesz Thoveling and Thomas Hartog (Sergeanten), Pieter van Hoorn, Willem Pietersz van der Voort, Adriaen Dirck Sparwer, Hendrick Cala, Govert van der Me, Johannes Calaber, Benedictus Schaeck, Jan Maes, Jacob van Diemen, Jan van Ommeren, Isaac Ooyens, Gerrit Pietersz van Ansten Copyright: xpiemagsx rmxl210521-36477 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • Signature of the Munster peace, 1648; De Munstersche Vrede closed in 1648. Estimate the peace of Munster on May 15, 1648, in the large room or ferse senal of the town hall in Munster. The delegates are around a table and lay the oath with raised hand. Signature at the top right: PL. 12. Copyright: xpiemagsx rmxl210521-33794 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • The handing over the ratification of the Munster Peace, 1648; Early zy God in the highest heavens, and the feather of the Aerden. Leaf with different performances of the events around Closing the Peace of Munster. Central to the exchange of ratification in the ferseal of the Munster town hall between the State and Spanish delegated Antoine Brun and the count of Penaranda. On the left the state delegates sitting around a table. At the bottom right the names of the negotiators. For the central show there are six smaller scenes of earlier and later moments: the arrival of the delegates, the peace negotiations, the publication of peace and the salvoschites in Munster. Each performance is supervised by a verse of 4 lines. At the bottom of 4 ver Copyright: xpiemagsx rmxl210521-33231 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • Allegory on the Peace of Munster, 1648; Pax Una Triumphis Innumeris Potior. Allegory on the Peace of Munster. Triumphopt trip of the triumphar of peace that is initiated along the Vijverberg by an Eroboch The Hague. On the triumph port the coat of arms of Frederik Hendrik and eight province weapons, on top of the Fortuna gate that gives riches. In the air the fame and above a angel choir. The original plate contained a representation in honor of Frederik Hendrik after the intake of Den Bosch in 1629. In this print, peace takes over the place of Frederik Hendrik. This print includes a fresh in three columns of Reyer Anslo with the title Nederlands Vredevreught . Copyright: xpiemagsx rmxl210521-32926 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • The shooters meal in the foot mogelroom or St. Joris derels in Amsterdam for celebration of the Peace of Munster, 18 June 1648. The shooters meal in the foot mogelroom or St. Joris derels in Amsterdam for celebration of the Peace of Munster, 18 June 1648. It is presented: Captain Cornelis Jansz Witsen (with the silver drinking horn), Lieutenant Johan Oetgens van Waveren (who shakes his hand), the Vaandrig Jacob Banningh (sitting next to the big drum), Dirck Claesz Thoveling and Thomas Hartog (Sergeanten), Pieter van Hoorn, Willem Pietersz van der Voort, Adriaen Dirck Sparwer, Hendrick Calaber, Govert van der Me, Johannes Calaber, Benedictus Schaeck, Jan Maes, Jacob van Diemen, Jan van Ommeren, Isaac Ooyens, Gerrit Pietersz van Anstenraadt, Copyright: xpiemagsx rmxl210521-28526 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • Proclamation of the Peace of Munster in Breda, 1648; The FAEM proclaimed peace to Breda den 5 Iunii 1648. Allocation of the Munster Peace in Breda, 5 June 1648. View of the Onze-Lieve-Vrouwekerk or Grote Kerk in Breda. Above the church tower the fame proclaims peace, left a hand from the clouds with an olive branch. Under the show a Dutch verse about two columns. Copyright: xpiemagsx rmxl210521-27873 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • The swear of the Munster peace, 1648; Vreede In Onse Days. Attending the Peace of Munster on May 15, 1648, in the large hall or ferseal of the town hall in Munster. The delegates are around a table and lay the oath with raised hand. Signature at the top right: Fo. 689. Copyright: xpiemagsx rmxl210521-22500 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • Treatment of the Munster peace (first sheet), 1648; Tractaet van Peace, the Derenichsten said January deses and eight and eight and susticity in the city of Munster in Westpwen, between the sleeping and grandmiths Prince Phillips the fourth of that Naam, Coninck of Hispannien, & c. Terue, Ande de Hoogh Morning Lord States Generael Vande De Meunde Nederlanden, to another side. The Treatment of the Munster Peace in 1648; The first leaf with Articles 1-5. Text in one column in Dutch. Copyright: xpiemagsx rmxl210521-22147 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • Title print for the set of Pacificators, 1648; Pacificators Orbis Christiani. Female personification of peace, sitting on a throne. In her hands, she holds a cornucopia and the prescription, left and right of the throne musical instruments and scientific instruments that symbolize the liberal arts. In the background the recovery after the war of agriculture and home building. Title print for the series Celeberrimi Ad Pacificandum Christiani Nominis Orbem Legati Monasterium et ingnabrugas etc. , Antwerp 1648. Series Portraits to paintings by Anselmus van Hulle of all delegates in the peace negotiations in Münster and Osnabrück. Copyright: xpiemagsx rmxl210521-17214 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • The power of peace, 1648; The Capital des Pays. Songress on the Peace of Munster, 1648. Caution (Prudentia), Reason (Ratio) and Time (Tempus) Forging the weapons of the war to team scissors and other tools. Violence (Violentia) serves the bellows of the oven. Peace (Pax) and Justice (Justitia) in heaven. In and under the show inscriptions and verses in Dutch, Latin and French. The print was originally manufactured on the occasion of the eternal edict in 1577. Adapted here to serve as allegory on the Peace of Munster in 1648. Copyright: xpiemagsx rmxl210521-16951 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • Treatment of the Munster Peace (fifth sheet), 1648; Tractaet van Peace, the Derenichsten said January deses and eight and eight and susticity in the city of Munster in Westpwen, between the sleeping and grandmiths Prince Phillips the fourth of that Naam, Coninck of Hispannien, & c. Terue, and the Hoogh Morning Lord States Generael Vande de Meunde Nederlanden, to another side. The tract of the Peace of Munster in 1648; The fifth sheet with Articles 70-79 and the content of the proceedings for the envoys of the King of Spain and of the States General. Text in one column in Dutch. Copyright: xpiemagsx rikmpie02032021-9281 !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT!
  • Portrait of Aloysius Contareno Hommes illustres (series title), Bust portrait of Aloysius Contareno, Venetian diplomat. Bottom right: 78. The portrait is encased in an oval frame with the coat of arms of the person portrayed and an inscription in Latin. In the frame a three-line caption in Latin. Print from a series of portraits of paintings by Anselmus van Hulle by all delegates during the peace negotiations in Münster and Osnabrück, Aloysius Contareno, Pieter de Jode (II) (mentioned on object), Antwerp, 1648, paper, engraving, h 309 mm x w 196 mm Copyright Artokoloro LCK_190715_050297
  • Peace of Munster, counted token in honor of Philip IV, king of Spain, ordered by the city of Brussels, Copper Medal. Obverse: angel with coat of arms, flying in clouds above the city of Brussels within an inscription. Reverse: crowned coat of arms, hanging with the order of the Golden Fleece within the circumference, Brussels, Münster, Philip IV (King of Spain), anonymous, Antwerp, 1648, copper (metal), striking (metalworking), d 3.2 cm x w 5.81 gr Copyright Artokoloro LCK_190715_040744
  • PLANETS - MERCURY Personification of Mercury as the bringer of peaced: the god is depicted at top right, bearing a seal package, marked Pax, and carrying his caduceus. Woodcut broadsheet announcing the Treaty of Munster, of 1648, by which Spain recognized the independence of the United Provinces. The year also saw the end of the Thirty Years War, at the Peace of Westphalia. Broadsheet of 1648. Copyright: Topfoto !ACHTUNG AUFNAHMEDATUM GESCHÄTZT! UnitedArchives0575423